When should pilots rotate the aircraft during takeoff under normal conditions?

During takeoff under normal conditions, pilots typically rotate the aircraft at a speed known as V_R, which is specific to each aircraft type and is influenced by factors such as weight and environmental conditions. In many light aircraft, V_R tends to fall within a range of approximately 70 to 90 knots, depending on the aircraft's design.

Choosing to rotate at around 85 knots is a common practice for many aircraft, as this speed ensures that the aircraft has reached sufficient lift to safely leave the ground while also providing a margin to avoid premature rotation, which could lead to a tail strike or other issues. This speed allows the aircraft to achieve the proper angle of attack, ensuring that the wings generate enough lift for takeoff.

Therefore, rotating at approximately 85 KIAS aligns well with typical operational guidelines and is essential for ensuring a safe and effective takeoff. This speed is often recommended in the aircraft's operating manual as well.